Independent · non-commercial · publishes on a quarterly cycle|Current cycle 2026 Q3
Compound Evidence InstituteEvidence synthesis · established 2023Graded assessments of compounds, trials, methods and supply
Document set current to 30 July 2026
Indication assessment · Metabolic

Obesity and overweight in adults — indication assessment

Excess adiposity sufficient to impair health, operationalised in the pivotal incretin programmes as a body-mass index of 30 kg/m² or above, or 27 kg/m² or above with at least one weight-related comorbidity.

Document identifier
CEI-IN-01
Series
Indication assessment
Version
1.3
Published
12 Jan 2026
Last reviewed
12 Jan 2026
Next review
12 Jan 2028
Identifier
10.71829/cei.ind.1
Certainty
Not rated
Cycle
2026 Q1
ICD-11
5B81
Category
Metabolic

§1Assessment

§1.1Definition

Excess adiposity sufficient to impair health, operationalised in the pivotal incretin programmes as a body-mass index of 30 kg/m² or above, or 27 kg/m² or above with at least one weight-related comorbidity.

§1.2Anchor and additional outcomes

The Institute designates one anchor outcome per indication so that estimates for different compounds are reported on a common measure. The anchor for this indication is the first outcome below.

  1. Percentage change in body weight from baseline
  2. Proportion achieving ≥5 %, ≥10 %, ≥15 % and ≥20 % weight reduction
  3. Change in waist circumference
  4. Change in systolic blood pressure
  5. Change in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein

§1.3State of the evidence

Distribution of certainty ratingsShare of assessed outcomes at each certainty level.23compounds
HighModerateLowVery low
Figure 1. Certainty ratings across the 23 compounds the Institute assesses for this indication. A high rating for one compound says nothing about another.

The Institute assesses 23 compounds in this indication, drawing on 208 trial records and 38 evidence syntheses. [1,2]

References cited on this page

References are numbered in order of first citation in this document. Each superscript in the text links to its entry below.

  1. Pi-Sunyer X, Astrup A, Fujioka K, Greenway F, Halpern A, Krempf M, Lau DCW, le Roux CW, Violante Ortiz R, Jensen CB, Wilding JPH. A randomized, controlled trial of 3.0 mg of liraglutide in weight management. New England Journal of Medicine 2015;373(1):11–22. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1411892 · PMID 26132939
  2. Marso SP, Daniels GH, Brown-Frandsen K, Kristensen P, Mann JFE, Nauck MA, Nissen SE, Pocock S, Poulter NR, Ravn LS, Steinberg WM, Stockner M, Zinman B, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB. Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. New England Journal of Medicine 2016;375(4):311–322. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1603827 · PMID 27295427

Identifiers are reproduced only where the Institute holds them. Where a digital object identifier or PubMed identifier is not shown, the Institute has recorded the journal and year and has not constructed an identifier.

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