Document series
Indication assessments
31 indications, each with a definition, an anchor outcome, and the certainty of the evidence for every compound assessed in it.
The Institute designates one anchor outcome per indication so that estimates for different compounds are reported on a common measure. Indications with no controlled human evidence are included in the set, because the Institute's statement that no evidence exists is itself the useful output.
Indications
31 documents
Table 1. Indications the Institute assesses, with the number of compounds and trial records bearing on each.
| Indication | Category | ICD-11 | Compounds | Trial records | Best certainty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atherogenic dyslipidaemiaAn adverse lipoprotein profile, typically raised triglycerides with reduced HDL cholesterol and a raised apolipoprotein… | Cardiovascular | 5C80 | 0 | 0 | Not rated |
| Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk reductionEstablished atherosclerotic disease of the coronary, cerebral or peripheral arterial beds, or a risk profile sufficient… | Cardiovascular | BA00–BA8Z | 11 | 71 | High |
| Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesitySymptomatic heart failure with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 50 % or above, occurring with obesity as a… | Cardiovascular | BD10 | 3 | 16 | Moderate |
| Hypertension in the context of adipositySustained elevation of arterial pressure above accepted diagnostic thresholds, considered here as a weight-responsive… | Cardiovascular | BA00 | 1 | 0 | Moderate |
| Peripheral arterial disease with intermittent claudicationAtherosclerotic obstruction of the lower-limb arteries producing exertional ischaemic symptoms, with objective… | Cardiovascular | BD40 | 1 | 4 | Moderate |
| Cutaneous wound healing and tissue repairRestoration of epithelial and dermal integrity following injury, assessed by closure rate, area reduction and scar… | Dermatological | ND56 | 7 | 30 | Low |
| Growth hormone deficiency and growth-hormone secretagogue pharmacologyInsufficient endogenous growth-hormone secretion, or the pharmacological stimulation of the growth-hormone axis… | Endocrine | 5A60 | 10 | 57 | Moderate |
| HIV-associated lipodystrophy and excess visceral adiposityAbnormal regional fat distribution with excess visceral adipose tissue, in the setting of HIV infection and… | Endocrine | 5C71 | 1 | 11 | Moderate |
| Polycystic ovary syndromeA reproductive-endocrine disorder defined by combinations of ovulatory dysfunction, clinical or biochemical… | Endocrine | 5A80.1 | 2 | 0 | Moderate |
| Delayed gastric emptying and gastrointestinal motility effectsSlowed gastric transit, considered here both as a pharmacodynamic mechanism and as an adverse-effect surface relevant… | Gastrointestinal | DA91.3 | 2 | 6 | Moderate |
| Inflammatory bowel disease and mucosal barrier disordersChronic immune-mediated inflammation of the intestinal tract, or disorders of intestinal permeability including coeliac… | Gastrointestinal | DD70 | 4 | 27 | Moderate |
| Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitisSteatotic liver disease with histological evidence of hepatocyte ballooning and lobular inflammation occurring in the… | Hepatic | DB92.1 | 5 | 22 | Moderate |
| Immune modulation and adjunctive immunotherapyPharmacological modification of innate or adaptive immune function, assessed by cell counts, functional assays and… | Immunological | 4A00 | 5 | 24 | Moderate |
| Adjunctive therapy in type 1 diabetesUse alongside insulin in autoimmune diabetes, where the therapeutic target is postprandial excursion, insulin dose or… | Metabolic | 5A10 | 2 | 15 | Moderate |
| Hypothalamic and syndromic obesityObesity arising from structural hypothalamic injury or a defined genetic syndrome affecting the melanocortin pathway or… | Metabolic | 5B81.Y | 0 | 0 | Not rated |
| Obesity and overweight in adultsExcess adiposity sufficient to impair health, operationalised in the pivotal incretin programmes as a body-mass index… | Metabolic | 5B81 | 23 | 208 | High |
| Obesity in children and adolescentsAdiposity above the 95th percentile for age and sex, or above the 120th percentile of the 95th percentile for severe… | Metabolic | 5B81 | 2 | 10 | Moderate |
| Prediabetes and progression to type 2 diabetesGlucose regulation impaired beyond normal limits but below diagnostic thresholds for diabetes, including impaired… | Metabolic | 5A40 | 3 | 10 | Moderate |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitusA disorder of glucose regulation characterised by insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency, diagnosed by… | Metabolic | 5A11 | 19 | 247 | High |
| Knee osteoarthritis with obesityDegenerative joint disease of the knee with radiographic or symptomatic confirmation, occurring with obesity as a… | Musculoskeletal | FA01.0 | 3 | 11 | Low |
| Sarcopenia and lean-mass preservation during weight reductionLoss of skeletal muscle mass and function, considered here principally as a consequence of rapid weight reduction under… | Musculoskeletal | FB32.Y | 6 | 6 | Low |
| Tendon, ligament and musculoskeletal soft-tissue injuryAcute or overuse injury of tendon, ligament or muscle, with healing assessed by imaging, function and… | Musculoskeletal | FB50 | 2 | 0 | Very low |
| Primary mitochondrial myopathy and bioenergetic disordersGenetically determined impairment of oxidative phosphorylation producing myopathy, exercise intolerance or multisystem… | Neuromuscular | 8C73 | 3 | 9 | Moderate |
| Alcohol use disorderA pattern of alcohol use characterised by impaired control, salience, and physiological features, meeting recognised… | Neuropsychiatric | 6C40 | 2 | 0 | Very low |
| Cognitive performance and neuroprotectionDomain-specific cognitive function or protection against cognitive decline, assessed by standardised neuropsychological… | Neuropsychiatric | MB21 | 7 | 18 | Low |
| Hypoactive sexual desire and erectile dysfunctionPersistently reduced sexual desire or impaired erectile function causing distress, assessed by validated instruments. | Neuropsychiatric | HA00 | 3 | 16 | Moderate |
| Sleep initiation and maintenance disordersDifficulty initiating or maintaining sleep with daytime consequences, assessed by polysomnography, actigraphy or… | Neuropsychiatric | 7A00 | 2 | 2 | Very low |
| Tobacco and nicotine dependenceDependence on nicotine-containing products, characterised by craving, tolerance and withdrawal. | Neuropsychiatric | 6C4A | 0 | 0 | Not rated |
| Biological ageing and healthspan endpointsInterventions proposed to modify rate of biological ageing, assessed by composite biomarker clocks, functional… | Other | MG2A | 9 | 4 | Very low |
| Chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetesPersistent reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate or persistent albuminuria in the context of type 2… | Renal | GB61 | 2 | 15 | High |
| Obstructive sleep apnoea with obesityRecurrent upper-airway obstruction during sleep producing apnoeas and hypopnoeas, graded by the apnoea–hypopnoea index… | Respiratory | 7A41 | 3 | 13 | High |