Evidence synthesis · §4
Incretin receptor agonists in adolescents — summary of findings
Outcome-by-outcome summary with effect, certainty and the reason for each downgrade.
§4Summary of findings
§4.1Summary of findings
Table 7. Summary of findings for Incretin receptor agonists in adolescents.
| Outcome | Participants (studies) | Effect as reported | Certainty | Reason for downgrade |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change in BMI (%, absolute, z-score)The outcome the Institute designates as anchor for this indication. | 452 (2) | Moderate certainty evidence indicates a substantial reduction in body-mass index over 56 to 68 weeks, larger in absolute terms than that observed in… | Moderate | imprecision |
| Discontinuation for adverse eventsReported as a summary-of-findings row rather than in a tolerability annex, following a public submission. | 327 (1) | Reported per contributing trial; see the included-studies table | Moderate | publication bias |
| Serious adverse eventsEvent counts are low; the estimate is imprecise by construction. | 438 (1) | Reported per contributing trial; see the included-studies table | Low | risk of bias, imprecision |
| Any adverse eventAscertained by spontaneous report in the contributing trials. | 425 (1) | Reported per contributing trial; see the included-studies table | Low | risk of bias, inconsistency |
| Proportion achieving ≥5 % BMI reductionA secondary outcome for this indication. Its hierarchical position within each contributing trial is recorded on that trial's abstract where the Institute holds it. | 406 (1) | Reported as a secondary outcome in a subset of contributing trials | Low | imprecision, publication bias |
| Change in cardiometabolic risk markersA secondary outcome for this indication. Its hierarchical position within each contributing trial is recorded on that trial's abstract where the Institute holds it. | 285 (1) | Reported as a secondary outcome in a subset of contributing trials | Low | imprecision |
| Certainty ratings describe confidence in the effect estimate for the stated outcome. They are not recommendations and do not transfer between outcomes. | ||||
§4.2Forest plot
Study estimatePooled estimate
§4.3Certainty assessment for the anchor outcome
Table 8. Reasoning recorded against each certainty domain for the anchor outcome.
| Domain | Rating | Reasoning |
|---|---|---|
| Risk of bias | No concern | No serious concern identified in this domain. |
| Inconsistency | No concern | No serious concern identified in this domain. |
| Indirectness | No concern | No serious concern identified in this domain. |
| Imprecision | Serious | A single small trial contributes the whole estimate. |
| Publication bias | No concern | No serious concern identified in this domain. |
| Overall: Moderate certainty. The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Further research is likely to have an important impact on confidence in the estimate. | ||
References cited on this page
References are numbered in order of first citation in this document. Each superscript in the text links to its entry below.
- Weghuber D, Barrett T, Barrientos-Pérez M, Gies I, Hesse D, Jeppesen OK, Kelly AS, Mastrandrea LD, Sørrig R, Arslanian S. Once-weekly semaglutide in adolescents with obesity. New England Journal of Medicine 2022;387(24):2245–2257. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2208601 · PMID 36322838
Identifiers are reproduced only where the Institute holds them. Where a digital object identifier or PubMed identifier is not shown, the Institute has recorded the journal and year and has not constructed an identifier.
Compound Evidence Institute · CEI-ES-020/4 · https://compoundevidence.com/syntheses/adolescent-incretin-evidence/summary-of-findings/ · retrieved 30 July 2026