Certainty index
Moderate certainty — page 2
The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Further research is likely to have an important impact on confidence in the estimate.
Graded outcomes
114 documents · page 2 of 3
Table 1. Outcomes and syntheses graded at moderate certainty, on this page.
| Document | Type | Effect or conclusion as recorded |
|---|---|---|
| SS-31 (elamipretide) in mitochondrial disease | Evidence extract | A phase 3 trial in primary mitochondrial myopathy did not meet its primary endpoints of six-minute walk distance and symptom score at 24 weeks |
| SS-31 (elamipretide) in cardiovascular | Evidence extract | A phase 2 trial in ST-elevation myocardial infarction did not reduce infarct size |
| PT-141 (bremelanotide) in sexual dysfunction | Evidence extract | Change in Female Sexual Function Index desire domain of +0.30 versus +0.06 with placebo, and improvement in the Female Sexual Distress Scale item 13 of −0.73 versus −0.41 |
| Kisspeptin-10 in gh axis | Evidence extract | Diagnostic use as a probe of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function |
| Gonadorelin in gh axis | Evidence extract | A luteinising hormone rise after gonadorelin distinguishes pituitary from hypothalamic causes of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism |
| Gonadorelin in pcos | Evidence extract | Pulsatile administration by pump induces ovulation in hypothalamic amenorrhoea with reported ovulation rates above 80 % per cycle in selected patients |
| Dual and triple incretin receptor agonists compared with single glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for… | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence indicates that multi-receptor agonists produce a larger mean weight reduction than single glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. One head-to-head trial supports the… |
| Weight change after discontinuation of an incretin receptor agonist | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from two randomised withdrawal trials indicates that a substantial proportion of the weight lost during treatment is regained after withdrawal, and that continued… |
| Oral compared with injectable presentations of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence indicates that oral presentations can achieve efficacy in the range of injectable glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists when sufficient doses are achieved, and that… |
| Incretin receptor agonists in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence indicates an improvement in symptom scores and in six-minute walk distance, and one trial reports a reduction in a composite of cardiovascular death and worsening heart… |
| Incretin receptor agonists for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence indicates that incretin receptor agonists produce resolution of steatohepatitis without worsening of fibrosis substantially more often than placebo at 48 to 72 weeks… |
| Weight-reducing agents for obstructive sleep apnoea | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence indicates a clinically meaningful reduction in the apnoea–hypopnoea index. The Institute records that the apnoea–hypopnoea index is itself a surrogate: no contributing… |
| Completeness of certificates of analysis in the research-supply channel | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from the Institute’s own assessment of the twenty suppliers in its set indicates that a purity percentage is almost always present, that the method producing it is named… |
| The consequences of a wholly sponsor-generated evidence base | Synthesis | Moderate certainty methodological evidence indicates that industry-sponsored trials report more favourable efficacy conclusions and less complete harms data than independently conducted trials of the… |
| Incretin receptor agonists in adolescents | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence indicates a substantial reduction in body-mass index over 56 to 68 weeks, larger in absolute terms than that observed in adults for the same agent. The Institute… |
| Amylin analogues as monotherapy and in combination | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence indicates that a long-acting amylin analogue produces a weight reduction of roughly 8 to 11 % as monotherapy and that the fixed combination with semaglutide exceeds either… |
| Discontinued development programmes as evidence | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence supports the position that a discontinued programme is informative and is frequently the most informative evidence available for a compound. A programme discontinued for… |
| Reconstitution practice and delivered dose | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence, principally analytical rather than clinical, indicates that three distinct errors compound in ordinary reconstitution practice: the labelled mass overstates peptide… |
| Acute pancreatitis with incretin-based therapies | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from the pooled cardiovascular outcome trials, in which pancreatitis was adjudicated and exposure was long, does not indicate a materially increased incidence… |
| Cardiovascular benefit in primary compared with secondary prevention | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence, resting principally on one trial that enrolled a majority primary-prevention population, indicates that the relative effect is broadly similar across strata. The… |
| In-use stability of reconstituted peptide solutions | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence, drawn from the formulation-science literature rather than from product-specific studies, indicates that freeze–thaw cycling of an unbuffered or phosphate-buffered peptide… |
| Transitivity in the incretin network | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence indicates that the transitivity assumption is only partially satisfied. Primary analysis timepoints range from 36 to 104 weeks; background lifestyle intervention ranges… |
| Retatrutide in obesity and overweight in adults: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 5 contributing trials bears on the effect of Retatrutide on the anchor outcome for obesity and overweight in adults. The estimate the Institute carries in the… |
| CagriSema (cagrilintide with semaglutide) in obesity and overweight in adults: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 4 contributing trials bears on the effect of CagriSema (cagrilintide with semaglutide) on the anchor outcome for obesity and overweight in adults. The estimate the… |
| Orforglipron in type 2 diabetes mellitus: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 4 contributing trials bears on the effect of Orforglipron on the anchor outcome for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The estimate the Institute carries in the monograph is… |
| Survodutide in obesity and overweight in adults: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 4 contributing trials bears on the effect of Survodutide on the anchor outcome for obesity and overweight in adults. The estimate the Institute carries in the… |
| Thymosin alpha-1 in immune modulation and adjunctive immunotherapy: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 4 contributing trials bears on the effect of Thymosin alpha-1 on the anchor outcome for immune modulation and adjunctive immunotherapy. The estimate the Institute… |
| Mazdutide in obesity and overweight in adults: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 3 contributing trials bears on the effect of Mazdutide on the anchor outcome for obesity and overweight in adults. The estimate the Institute carries in the monograph… |
| Mazdutide in type 2 diabetes mellitus: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 3 contributing trials bears on the effect of Mazdutide on the anchor outcome for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The estimate the Institute carries in the monograph is… |
| Orforglipron in obesity and overweight in adults: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 3 contributing trials bears on the effect of Orforglipron on the anchor outcome for obesity and overweight in adults. The estimate the Institute carries in the… |
| Teduglutide in inflammatory bowel disease and mucosal barrier disorders: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 3 contributing trials bears on the effect of Teduglutide on the anchor outcome for inflammatory bowel disease and mucosal barrier disorders. The estimate the… |
| CagriSema (cagrilintide with semaglutide) in type 2 diabetes mellitus: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 2 contributing trials bears on the effect of CagriSema (cagrilintide with semaglutide) on the anchor outcome for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The estimate the Institute… |
| Gonadorelin in growth hormone deficiency and growth-hormone secretagogue pharmacology: effect on the anchor… | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 2 contributing trials bears on the effect of Gonadorelin on the anchor outcome for growth hormone deficiency and growth-hormone secretagogue pharmacology. The… |
| Kisspeptin-10 in growth hormone deficiency and growth-hormone secretagogue pharmacology: effect on the anchor… | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 2 contributing trials bears on the effect of Kisspeptin-10 on the anchor outcome for growth hormone deficiency and growth-hormone secretagogue pharmacology. The… |
| Larazotide acetate in inflammatory bowel disease and mucosal barrier disorders: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 2 contributing trials bears on the effect of Larazotide acetate on the anchor outcome for inflammatory bowel disease and mucosal barrier disorders. The estimate the… |
| Liraglutide in adjunctive therapy in type 1 diabetes: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 2 contributing trials bears on the effect of Liraglutide on the anchor outcome for adjunctive therapy in type 1 diabetes. The estimate the Institute carries in the… |
| Semaglutide, oral in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk reduction: effect on the… | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 2 contributing trials bears on the effect of Semaglutide, oral on the anchor outcome for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk reduction. The… |
| PT-141 (bremelanotide) in hypoactive sexual desire and erectile dysfunction: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 2 contributing trials bears on the effect of PT-141 (bremelanotide) on the anchor outcome for hypoactive sexual desire and erectile dysfunction. The estimate the… |
| Retatrutide in type 2 diabetes mellitus: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 2 contributing trials bears on the effect of Retatrutide on the anchor outcome for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The estimate the Institute carries in the monograph is… |
| Semaglutide in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity: effect on the anchor outcome | Synthesis | Moderate certainty evidence from 2 contributing trials bears on the effect of Semaglutide on the anchor outcome for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obesity. The estimate the… |
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