Cognitive performance and neuroprotection — evidence across compounds
Every compound the Institute assesses in cognitive performance and neuroprotection, with its certainty rating.
§2Evidence across compounds
Every compound the Institute assesses in this indication, with the effect as recorded, the certainty rating and the contributing trials. Effects are reported on the anchor outcome where the contributing trials measured it and on the outcome the trial actually reported where they did not.
Table 1. Compounds assessed in cognitive performance and neuroprotection, ordered by certainty.
| Compound | Effect as recorded | Interval as reported | Certainty | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GlutathioneEndogenous tripeptide thiol antioxidant | Small randomised trials of intravenous and intranasal glutathione in Parkinson disease reported no significant benefit over placebo on motor endpoints | negative results in small samples | Low | 1 |
| DSIPEndogenous nonapeptide | No assessable evidence identified | — | Very low | 0 |
| EpithalonSynthetic tetrapeptide | No assessable evidence identified | — | Very low | 0 |
| NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)Endogenous pyridine dinucleotide coenzyme | No assessable randomised evidence identified | — | Very low | 0 |
| SelankSynthetic tuftsin analogue heptapeptide | Russian clinical studies report anxiolytic effect comparable to benzodiazepines without sedation or withdrawal | not extractable to the Institute's standard | Very low | 1 |
| SemaxSynthetic ACTH(4-10) analogue heptapeptide | Russian clinical studies report functional improvement after ischaemic stroke and in cognitive disorders | not extractable to the Institute's standard from the available reports | Very low | 2 |
| Thymosin alpha-128-residue N-acetylated thymic polypeptide | No evidence identified | — | Not rated | 0 |
| Estimates in this table are not on a common scale and must not be subtracted from one another. Where a comparison between two compounds has been made directly, it appears in a synthesis and not here. | ||||
§2.1Syntheses bearing on this indication
- Nationally registered neuropeptides and the retrievability of their evidence base — Very low
- Semax in cognitive performance and neuroprotection: effect on the anchor outcome — Very low
- Semax in cognitive performance and neuroprotection: tolerability and discontinuation — Very low
References cited on this page
References are numbered in order of first citation in this document. Each superscript in the text links to its entry below.
- D’Hondt M, Bracke N, Taevernier L, Gevaert B, Verbeke F, Wynendaele E, De Spiegeleer B. Related impurities in peptide medicines. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2014;101:2–30. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2014.06.012 · PMID 25044089
- Manning MC, Chou DK, Murphy BM, Payne RW, Katayama DS. Stability of protein pharmaceuticals: an update. Pharmaceutical Research 2010;27(4):544–575. doi:10.1007/s11095-009-0045-6 · PMID 20143256
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