Thymosin beta-4 — pharmacology
Molecular targets, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and interactions as characterised in humans.
§2Pharmacology
§2.1Molecular targets
Table 2. Molecular targets recorded for Thymosin beta-4, with the character of the interaction and the potency where the Institute holds it.
| Target | Interaction | Note |
|---|---|---|
| G-actin (intracellular) | Sequestering protein | The principal characterised function; maintains the monomeric actin pool |
| ATP synthase and other reported partners | Secondary interactions | Reported but not established as therapeutically relevant |
§2.2Mechanism of action
Thymosin beta-4 sequesters monomeric actin and thereby regulates cytoskeletal dynamics, cell migration and wound repair. Extracellular administration in preclinical models promotes angiogenesis, keratinocyte and endothelial migration, and reduces inflammation and fibrosis. Clinical development pursued dry-eye disease, epidermolysis bullosa and cardiac repair.[1,2]
§2.3Pharmacokinetics
- Terminal half-life
- ≈2 h after intravenous administration in early-phase study
- Time to maximum concentration
- end of infusion (intravenous)
- Volume of distribution
- not published
- Plasma protein binding
- not extensively bound
- Clearance
- not published
- Bioavailability
- not established for subcutaneous administration
Proteolytic degradation. Endogenous plasma concentrations are measurable, which complicates pharmacokinetic interpretation of administered doses.
§2.4Interactions
- Not characterised
References cited on this page
References are numbered in order of first citation in this document. Each superscript in the text links to its entry below.
- Goldstein AL, Hannappel E, Sosne G, Kleinman HK. Thymosin β4: a multi-functional regenerative peptide. Basic properties and clinical applications. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 2012;12(1):37–51. doi:10.1517/14712598.2012.634793 · PMID 22074294
- D’Hondt M, Bracke N, Taevernier L, Gevaert B, Verbeke F, Wynendaele E, De Spiegeleer B. Related impurities in peptide medicines. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2014;101:2–30. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2014.06.012 · PMID 25044089
Identifiers are reproduced only where the Institute holds them. Where a digital object identifier or PubMed identifier is not shown, the Institute has recorded the journal and year and has not constructed an identifier.